aeronauiiui



J. G.'FAUST.,

FLYING MACHINE.

,APPLICATION FILED sEPT.29,.1.92o.

Patented June 20, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

1m/vanto@ @msi U! immuun 244. AERONAUHUD FAUST.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man SEPT. 29. 1920.

Ptllted Jlm 20, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

` www 244. AERONAUTIGS J. G. FAUST.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION msn sEPLzs, 1,920.

Patented June 20, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3 244. AERONAUTICS J. Gn FAUST..

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION msn SEPT. 29, 192,0.

Paulmann@ 20,1922.

s sHEE'Ts-SHEET 4.

244. AERGNAUTlGS l. G. FAUST.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man sums, 1920.

Patented June 20, 1922.

5y SHEETS-SHEET 5.

l, muamtoz /0//7. @U55 244. AERONAUTICS UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FLYING MACHINE.

Application led September 29, 1920.

To all whom z't may concer/n.'

Be it known that I, JOHN G. FAUs'r, citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to flying machines of the biplane type and in which elevation is secured by varying the angle of incidence of the plane.

I am aware that previous to my invention attempts have been made to produce a practical machine in which the elevation is secured by altering the angle of incidence of the plane but such structures have been cumbersome and ungainly to handle which have offset the advantages which might otherwise be gained by the utilization of this principle.

In the present invention the angle of incidence of the respective biplanes is varied by bodily moving the plane.

Also, successive biplanes are arranged so that the planes are in stepped or staggered relation one behind the other, thus utilizing, to the fullest extent, the supporting surfaces of these planes.

Furthermore, the pivots about which the biplanes are bodily moved are so located with respect to each other that in certain positions of the planes the surfaces lie in contiguous relation and substantially in alinement.

The invention also..has, as another feature of novelty, the provision of vertical surfaces located between the upper and lower planes of one of the biplanes for guiding the machine in horizontal flight.

To provide for properly controlling the machine during flight, the invention embodies means for bodily moving the planes, which means is so constructed that it locks the planes in any adjusted position and, furthermore, this means is combined with mechanism for moving the vertical surfaces in such manner that bodily movement of the planes does not disturb the vertical surface adjustment.

With a machine constructed as above set forth, it is obvious that the run required before the machine takes the air may be varied and in any event, is very short. Hence the machine may be used where conditions for hopping ofi' and landing are rela- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 20, 1922.

Serial No. 413,469.

tively unfavorable for the usual type of aeroplane which requires a long run before it takes the air.

With the foregoing in view, I will now describe the invention as applied to a b-iplane type of'machine in which one, two and even more'biplanes may be incorporated in the machin f I In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a biplane constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view thereof.

Figure 3 is a front elevation.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the control mechanism.

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, but

showing the biplane at anangle with respect to the horizontal.

In the biplane herein shown, the usual type of fuselage 1 carries the motor which drives the propeller 2 located at the forward end. The aviators seat is indicated at 3 and near this are the various control elements to be later described.

On the under side of the fuselage is the landing gear which comprises separate sets of struts 6 and 7 mounting forward and rear axles carrying wheels 4 and 5.

Also, the under side of the fuselage 1 is providedl with trunnions 8 and 9 which mount the uprights 10 and 11 carrying biplanes A and B, such biplanes being bodily movable by reason of the fact that the uprights 10 and 11 are journaled onthe trunnions as shown.

The biplane A is stayed in the usual manner by means of wires 15 and struts 14 but, in addition, strut members 14 are provided to further brace the upper and lower planes 12 and 13 of the biplane A and lie close to the sides of the fuselage 1. At the upper and lower portions of these uprights are arcuate slots 16 and 17 engaging on studs 18 and 19, respectively, carried by the sides of the fuselage and which aid in supporting the plane against flexing when once set in an adjusted position.

The biplane B is similarly stayed in the usual manner by wires and, in addition to its strut members, it is further braced by the members 22 having upper and lower arcuate slots 2() and 21 engaging on studs 23 on the sides of the fuselage 1. In this manner, the biplane B comprising the upper and lower planes 12 and 13 is stayed and braced in a manner similar to the biplane A.

The positions of the biplanes A and B on the fuselage 1 are such that the planes are in stepped relation, thus, in effect, providing a large supporting area so arranged as to obtain the full supporting effect of all the individual planes without any overlap. Furthermore, these planes are so proportioned and their pivot locations so related that when in the adjusted position shown in Figure 5, their surfaces are contiguous and in alinement.

0n each side of the fuselage 1 are arcuate slots through which pins 10 and 11 projecting from members 10 and 11 extend, and these pins are connected across by links 24 so that movement of one biplane will impart movement to the other.

These links 24 are connected, as at 36, with worm racks 37 carried by the member 39, and the racks 37 are engaged by worms on the worm shafts 40, such shafts both being identical except for being right and left handed in operation and each being journaled and also mounted for pivotal swinging movement, as at 41, on a support 42, the said shafts being journaled at their other ends on a support 44 as indicated at 43 in such a manner that the worm shaft 40 may be swung upwardly to disengage the worm from the rack. This arrangement is necessary by reason of the fact that the control mechanism is duplicated on each side of the aviators seat and one worm must be disengaged before the other can be operated. A handle 45 serves to move the worm and through the rack 37 and links 24 imparts movement to the biplanes A and B to vary their angles of incidence.

Intermediate the planes 12 and 13 of the biplane A and in a vertical position, are the pintles 25 which carry the combined air foils and rudders 26 of diamond shaped cross section and with their great-est width disposed longitudinally of the machine. Said rudders 26 have end rollers 27 running on tracks 28 which, during movement of the rudders, prevent binding. At the lower ends of the pintles 25 are sheaves 29 around which belts 34 are trained and connect them with. the upper and lower grooves in a double sheave 32 carried on the lower end of a spindle 30 journaled in the yoke 31 mounted upon the lower plane 13 of the biplane A and extending within the fuselage 1. The upper end of the spindle 30 carries the double sheave 32 for purposes to be hereinafter set forth.

Each of the racks 37 carries brackets 46 mounting a dial 47 and journaling a shaft 48. Said' shaft 48 carries a lever 49 provided with a pointer 50 indicating the adjustment of the rudders or vertical surfaces 26 on the dial 47. The shaft 48 carries t-he sheave 51 and the belt 52 is trained around the sheave 32 and the sheave 51 so that movement of the handles 49 moves the rudders.

The location of the pivot or yoke 31 is such that its radius of movement corresponds with the radius of movement of the racks 37 and consequently there is no danger of the belts coming off' due to the movement of the racks 37 with respect to the worm displacing the sheaves from a normal horizontal plane.

The operation is as follows:

In starting, the aviator works the racks 37 to the position giving an angle of incidence to the biplanes A and B such that the machine begins to elevate immediately without necessitating a long run. lVhen in full flight the position of the biplanes may be changed to give the desired elevation and, by reason of the worm arrangement of control, the biplanes are locked in any adjusted position. The horizontal course of the machine is regulated and the machine stabilized by moving the vertical surfaces in the manner previously described.

If desirable, the biplanes may be followed up by monoplanes such as 60, or by other biplanes and, of course, the usual horizontal stabilizer 61 is placed at the tail of the fuselage l.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a flying machine, successive planes in stepped relation and bodily tiltable for varying the angle of incidence, vertical rudders carried by one of said planes, means for controlling the movement of said planes, and means for adjusting the vertical rudders and maintaining the same in an adjusted position irrespective of movement of the bodily tiltable planes.

2. In a flying machine, successive biplanes arranged in stepped relation and bodily movable for varying the angle of incidence of each biplane, vertical rudders intermediate the planes of one of said loi-planes, and means for controlling the movement of said biplanes.

3. In a flying machine, successive biplanes arranged in stepped relation and bodily movable for varying the angle of incidence of each plane, vertical rudders intermediate the planes of one of said bi-planes, and means for controlling the movement of said biplanes and locking the same in any adjusted position.

4. In a flying machine, successive lateral supporting biplanes arranged in stepped relation and bodily movable for varying the angle of incidence, vertical surfaces intermediate the planes of one of said biplanes for varying the horizontal course of the machine, and means for controlling the move- 244. AERONAUTIGS ment of said lateral biplanes and vertical surfaces.

5. In a flying machine, bodily movable biplanes carried on trunnions intermediate the planes of the respective biplanes, arcuate guiding means for each biplane, means for moving said biplanes simultaneously, and vertical rudders intermediate the planes of the foremost bi-plane.

6. In a flying machine, the combination of a plane bodily tiltable for varying the angle of incidence, a vertical rudder carried by said plane, means for adjusting the rudder, and means for tilting the plane and tilting the first means therewith whereby to maintain said rudder in an adjusted position irrespective of movement of the plane.

7 In a flying machine, the combination of a biplane bodily tiltable for varying the angle of incidence, a vertical rudder intermediate the planes of said biplane, means for adjusting the rudder, and means for tilting the biplane and tilting the first means therewith whereby to maintain said rudder in @talisman an adjusted position irrespective oi movement of the biplane.

8. In a flying machine, the combination of successive biplanes bodily tiltable for varyingthe angle of incidence oi' each biplane, means for controlling movement of said biplanes to impart the same angle of incidence to each biplane, vertical rudders intermediate the planes oi' one of said biplanes, and means for adjusting the rudders and maintaining said rudders in an adjusted position irrespective of movement of said biplanes.

9. In a llying machine, the combination of a plane bodily tiltable for varying the angle of incidence, a control air foil carried by the plane, means for adjusting said air foil, and means for tilting the plane and shifting the lirst means in unison with the plane whereby to maintain the air foil in adjusted position irrespective of movement of the plane.

In testimony whereon I alhx my signature.

JOHN G. FAUsT. [L sj 

